One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 1453-58-3, Name is 3-Methylpyrazole, formurla is C4H6N2. In a document, author is Toyota, Kenji, introducing its new discovery. Recommanded Product: 3-Methylpyrazole.
Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) Agonist Induces Ovarian Differentiation and Aberrant Mullerian Duct Development in the Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis
Estrogens play critical roles in ovarian and reproductive organ development, but the molecular signaling pathways in non-mammalian vertebrates are not well understood. Studies of reptiles have indicated that administration of exogenous estrogens during embryonic development causes ovarian differentiation and presumptive male to female sex-reversal. The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, belongs to the family Trionychidae and exhibits genotypic sex determination system with ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes. In order to assess the role of estrogens and their signaling pathway on sex determination and differentiation, P sinensis eggs were given a single administration of endogenous estrogen,1713-estradiol (E2) or a synthetic estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) agonist, 4,4′,4 ”-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol (PPT) in ovo during gonadal differentiation, and the subsequent effects were examined during a final developmental stage prior to hatching. The administration of both E2 and PPT induced ovarian differentiation in genetic male embryos. Intriguingly, PPT but not E2 induced the Mullerian duct enlargement and aberrant glandular development. These data suggest that ovarian differentiation and reproductive tract anomalies induced by the exogenous estrogen exposure act through ESR1 in the Chinese soft-shelled turtles.
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Reference:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
,Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics