Day: February 3, 2023

Assessment of computational tools for predicting supramolecular synthons was written by Sandhu, Bhupinder;McLean, Ann;Sinha, Abhijeet S.;Desper, John;Aakeroy, Christer B.. And the article was included in Chemistry (Basel, Switzerland) in 2021.Quality Control of 3-(1H-Pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine This article mentions the following:

The ability to predict the most likely supramol. synthons in a crystalline solid is a valuable starting point for subsequently predicting the full crystal structure of a mol. with multiple competing mol. recognition sites. Energy and informatics-based prediction models based on mol. electrostatic potentials (MEPs), hydrogen-bond energies (HBE), hydrogen-bond propensity (HBP), and hydrogen-bond coordination (HBC) were applied to the crystal structures of twelve pyrazole-based mols. HBE, the most successful method, correctly predicted 100% of the exptl. observed primary intermol.-interactions, followed by HBP (87.5%), and HBC = MEPs (62.5%). A further HBC anal. suggested a risk of synthon crossover and synthon polymorphism in mols. with multiple binding sites. These easy-to-use models (based on just 2-D chem. structure) can offer a valuable risk assessment of potential formulation challenges. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(1H-Pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (cas: 45887-08-9Quality Control of 3-(1H-Pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine).

3-(1H-Pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (cas: 45887-08-9) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. An alternative way to synthesize multisubstituted pyrazoles is the Csingle bondH arylation of simple pyrazoles. The pyrazole ring is resistant to oxidation and reduction but the groups, such as alkyl and formyl attached to the ring, are oxidized to respective acids. Only electrolytic oxidation, ozonolysis, and a strong base cause ring opening.Quality Control of 3-(1H-Pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Selective Cytotoxic Cyclolignans Derived from Podophyllotoxin was written by Castro, Maria Angeles;del Corral, Jose Maria Miguel;Gordaliza, Marina;Garcia, Pablo A.;Gomez-Zurita, Maria Antonia;Garcia-Gravalos, Maria Dolores;de la Iglesia-Vicente, Janis;Gajate, Consuelo;An, Feiyun;Mollinedo, Faustino;San Feliciano, Arturo. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2004.Recommanded Product: 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine This article mentions the following:

Podophyllotoxin and some of its derivatives are cyclolignans currently used for removing warts and in the clin. treatment of malign neoplasms. As such, they were an objective of the scientific community for decades, in the search for more potent and more selective anticancer agents. Interest in the chemoinduction of drug selectivity led to the design and preparation of new podophyllotoxin derivatives by reaction of podophyllic aldehyde with aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic amines. Several of the resulting imines displayed a significant selectivity against human colon carcinoma cells, even higher than that of the starting aldehyde. Addnl. biol. studies indicate that these derivatives induce microtubule depolymerization, arrest cells at the G₂/M phase of cell cycle, and are able to induce a delayed apoptosis after 48 h of treatment, characterized by caspase-3 activation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3Recommanded Product: 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine).

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazole has two ring nitrogen atoms in which N1 is pyrrolic and N2 is pyridine-like. The N1 nitrogen is not reactive but is deprotonated in the presence of a base-forming anion. Protonation of pyrazole in strong acid leads to pyrazolium cations, which undergo electrophilic substitution preferentially at C3 rather than C4. The pyrazole anion is not reactive toward nucleophiles but is mostly reactive to electrophiles.Recommanded Product: 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Co-crystal screening of diclofenac was written by Aakeroy, Christer B.;Grommet, Angela B.;Desper, John. And the article was included in Pharmaceutics in 2011.Name: 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole This article mentions the following:

In the pharmaceutical industry, co-crystals are becoming increasingly valuable as crystalline solids that can offer altered/improved phys. properties of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) without changing its chem. identity or biol. activity. In order to identify new solid forms of diclofenac, an analgesic with extremely poor aqueous solubility for which few co-crystal structures have been determined, a range of pyrazoles, pyridines, and pyrimidines were screened for co-crystal formation using solvent assisted grinding and IR spectroscopy with an overall success rate of 50%. The crystal structures of three new diclofenac co-crystals are reported herein: (diclofenac)·(2-aminopyrimidine), (diclofenac)·(2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine), and (diclofenac)·(2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8Name: 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole).

4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazole is a weak base, with pKb 11.5 (pKa of the conjugated acid 2.49 at 25 °C).Pyrazole used as a ligand to prepare organometallic compounds. Pyrazoles can be selectively lithiated at different carbons and subsequently react with electrophiles depending on the substitution patterns.Name: 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine steroids was written by Haeufel, Jochen;Pech, Hans;Breitmaier, Eberhard. And the article was included in Chemiker-Zeitung in 1973.HPLC of Formula: 3528-58-3 This article mentions the following:

Androstenopyrazolopyridines I, II (R = H, Me; R1 = Me, Et, Ph) (8 compounds) were prepared in 38-75% yields by condensing aminopyrazoles III with 2-(hydroxymethylene)testosterone or 16-(hydroxymethylene)epiandrosterone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3HPLC of Formula: 3528-58-3).

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. An alternative way to synthesize multisubstituted pyrazoles is the Csingle bondH arylation of simple pyrazoles. Pyrazoles and pyrimidines have diverse biological and pharmacological activities. There are a number of antimicrobial compounds containing pyrazole moiety as the core unit. Pyrazofurin is important antimicrobial drug and 2-methylpyrimidine-4-ylamine derivatives I and II were found to be effective inhibitors of Escherichia coli PDHc-E1 with antibacterial and antifungal activity.HPLC of Formula: 3528-58-3

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction To Access 6-Methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridines Enables the Discovery Synthesis and Preclinical Profiling of a P2X7 Antagonist Clinical Candidate was written by Chrovian, Christa C.;Soyode-Johnson, Akinola;Peterson, Alexander A.;Gelin, Christine F.;Deng, Xiaohu;Dvorak, Curt A.;Carruthers, Nicholas I.;Lord, Brian;Fraser, Ian;Aluisio, Leah;Coe, Kevin J.;Scott, Brian;Koudriakova, Tatiana;Schoetens, Freddy;Sepassi, Kia;Gallacher, David J.;Bhattacharya, Anindya;Letavic, Michael A.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.COA of Formula: C5H9N3 This article mentions the following:

A single pot dipolar cycloaddition reaction/Cope elimination sequence was developed to access novel 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine P2X7 antagonists that contain a synthetically challenging chiral center. The structure-activity relationships of the new compounds are described. Two of these compounds, (S)-(2-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)(1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-6-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)methanone (I) and (S)-(3-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)(1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-6-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)methanone (II), were found to have robust P2X7 receptor occupancy at low doses in rat with ED₅₀ values of 0.06 and 0.07 mg/kg, resp. Compound II had notable solubility compared to I and showed good tolerability in preclin. species. Compound II was chosen as a clin. candidate for advancement into phase I clin. trials to assess safety and tolerability in healthy human subjects prior to the initiation of proof of concept studies for the treatment of mood disorders. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (cas: 55361-49-4COA of Formula: C5H9N3).

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (cas: 55361-49-4) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazole has two ring nitrogen atoms in which N1 is pyrrolic and N2 is pyridine-like. The N1 nitrogen is not reactive but is deprotonated in the presence of a base-forming anion. Pyrazoles can be selectively lithiated at different carbons and subsequently react with electrophiles depending on the substitution patterns.COA of Formula: C5H9N3

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Inhibitory effects of pyrazoles on soil nitrification: effects of chemical structure was written by Shi, Yunfeng;Zhang, Lili;Wu, Zhijie. And the article was included in Fresenius Environmental Bulletin in 2012.COA of Formula: C5H7ClN2 This article mentions the following:

Pyrazoles are nitrification inhibitors with good inhibitory effects. In this study, chem. structure of pyrazoles and its relationship with nitrification inhibitory effects were studied through aerobic incubation, and the optimal concentrations of three nitrification inhibitors with better nitrification inhibitory effects were explored, including 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), 1-carboxamide-3-methylpyrazole (CMP), and 4-chloro-3-methylpyrazole (ClMP). The results showed that all the pyrazoles could effectively inhibit NH₄⁺ oxidation in soils. Specifically, inhibitory effects of 3-methylpyrazole, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole, 4-chloro-3-methylpyrazole and their derivatives were the best. When the 4-position was substituted by chlorine atoms, nitrification inhibitory effects of pyrazoles could be significantly improved, which were not affected by the substitution at 1-position (hydroxymethylation and amidation) and neutralization. Nitrification inhibitory rate and inhibitory duration were increased with increasing consumptions of nitrification inhibitor pyrazoles. The optimal concentrations of three nitrification inhibitors with better nitrification inhibitory effects, including DMPP, CMP and ClMP, should be controlled in the range of 0.25-1.0% of N application, and the nitrification duration was about 56 days. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8COA of Formula: C5H7ClN2).

4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. An alternative way to synthesize multisubstituted pyrazoles is the Csingle bondH arylation of simple pyrazoles. Pyrazole rings have been used as core components of several leading non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antihypertensive drugs. It has also been found to be useful as a bifunctional ligand for metal catalysis.COA of Formula: C5H7ClN2

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of a new cascade reaction for convergent synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline derivatives under transition-metal-free conditions was written by Kato, Jun-ya;Aoyama, Hiroshi;Yokomatsu, Tsutomu. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2013.Product Details of 15953-73-8 This article mentions the following:

A method for the synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinolines under the transition-metal-free conditions has been developed. This method involves a novel combination of aromatic nucleophilic substitution and Knoevenagel condensation reactions to give pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinolines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8Product Details of 15953-73-8).

4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (cas: 15953-73-8) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. Pyrazoles, a five-membered heterocycle containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms, are the core structures found in a number of molecules that possess a wide range of pharmaceutical and agricultural activities. Protonation of pyrazole in strong acid leads to pyrazolium cations, which undergo electrophilic substitution preferentially at C3 rather than C4. The pyrazole anion is not reactive toward nucleophiles but is mostly reactive to electrophiles.Product Details of 15953-73-8

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dinitration of 1-methylpyrazole: 1-methyl-3,4-dinitropyrazole was written by Grimmett, M. Ross;Lim, K. H. Richard. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1978.Quality Control of 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole This article mentions the following:

Nitration in 80% H₂SO₄ of 1-methylpyrazole gives 1-methyl-4-nitropyrazole and 1-methyl-3,4-dinitropyrazole in a 4:1 ratio. The dinitro compound is also formed by nitration of 1-methyl-3-nitropyrazole. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole (cas: 54210-32-1Quality Control of 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole).

1-Methyl-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole (cas: 54210-32-1) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. As is the case with imidazoles, the pyrazole ring offers many opportunities to create new multiring systems that incorporate this heterocycle. Protonation of pyrazole in strong acid leads to pyrazolium cations, which undergo electrophilic substitution preferentially at C3 rather than C4. The pyrazole anion is not reactive toward nucleophiles but is mostly reactive to electrophiles.Quality Control of 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 5-ketones was written by Denzel, Theodor;Hoehn, Hans. And the article was included in Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany) in 1976.Recommanded Product: 3528-58-3 This article mentions the following:

Pyrazolopyridine ketones I [R1 = Me, R5C6H4 (R5 = H, 3-, 4-Cl, 4-Me, 4-MeO), R2 = H, Me, R3 = Et, furfuryl, Me2CH, CH2Ph, H, R4 = H; R1 = Ph, R2 = H, R3 = furfuryl, R4 = Me] were prepared and converted to analogs. EtO2CCH2COR1 reacted with R2C(OEt)3 to give 45-73% β-oxo esters EtO2CC(COR1):CR2OEt which condensed with 5-aminopyrazoles in a modified Gould-Jacobs reaction to give 55-95% enamines II. These cyclized at 250-300° to give 45-79% I. I were alkylated to give III (R6 = Et, CH2CH2CHMe2) or chlorinated to the 4-Cl analogs, which reacted with amines to give IV (R7 = CHMeEt, 2-pyrimidinyl, Bu, H, Ph). Since the preparation of necessary EtO2CCH2COR1 was sometimes difficult, III (R1 = Et, Bu, decyl, R2 = R4 = H, R3 = R6 = Et) were prepared from the corresponding III (R1 = Cl) and R1MgX-CdCl2. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3Recommanded Product: 3528-58-3).

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 3528-58-3) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. The strategies for the synthesis of pyrazoles generally can be applied for the construction of indazoles. Pyrazole rings have been used as core components of several leading non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antihypertensive drugs. It has also been found to be useful as a bifunctional ligand for metal catalysis.Recommanded Product: 3528-58-3

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent and Isoform Selective JNK3 Inhibitors: SAR Studies on Aminopyrazole Derivatives was written by Zheng, Ke;Iqbal, Sarah;Hernandez, Pamela;Park, HaJeung;LoGrasso, Philip V.;Feng, Yangbo. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.COA of Formula: C4H5N3O2 This article mentions the following:

The c-jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is expressed primarily in the brain. Numerous reports have shown that inhibition of JNK3 is a promising strategy for treatment of neurodegeneration. The optimization of aminopyrazole-based JNK3 inhibitors with improved potency, isoform selectivity, and pharmacol. properties by structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies utilizing biochem. and cell-based assays, and structure-based drug design is reported. These inhibitors had high selectivity over JNK1 and p38α, minimal cytotoxicity, potent inhibition of 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and ROS generation, and good drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) properties for iv dosing. 26n was profiled against 464 kinases and was found to be highly selective hitting only seven kinases with >80% inhibition at 10 μM. Moreover, 26n showed good solubility, good brain penetration, and good DMPK properties. Finally, the crystal structure of 26k in complex with JNK3 was solved at 1.8 Å to explore the binding mode of aminopyrazole based JNK3 inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (cas: 5334-39-4COA of Formula: C4H5N3O2).

3-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (cas: 5334-39-4) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. The strategies for the synthesis of pyrazoles generally can be applied for the construction of indazoles. The presence of both electronegative nitrogen atoms in the pyrazole ring reduces the electron density of the C3- and C5-positions leaving electron density of C4-position unaltered. Thus the C4-position is vulnerable to electrophilic attack. The C3 electrophilic-position may undergo deprotonation in the presence of a strong base leading to ring opening.COA of Formula: C4H5N3O2

Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics